Professor Joseph Campbell, a former Harvard University academic who died in 1987, spent over 30 years researching myths and legends in cultures all around the world, before accidently writing a best-selling book.
The Hero with a Thousand Faces was first published in 1949.
Campbell reached the profound conclusion that all myths and legends around the world, and indeed all good stories, follow the same archetypal pattern – that of a hero on a quest.
Typically, the Hero goes out into the world and battles with demons and enemies – internal and external – to achieve great deeds, before returning to normal life.
The Hero however can never quite return to normal life, as they are forever changed or transformed by their experiences.
The pattern can be distilled to as few as three main stages – life, death and resurrection.